Sunday, December 12, 2010

My 10 Ions for my group (Paxton and I)

Centrum A to Zinc
calcium carbonate         CaCO3
magnesium oxide          MgO
manganese sulfate         MnSO4
potassium iodide           KI
zinc oxide                     ZnO



Best Life Buttery Spread
sodium nitrate               NaNO3
sodium hypochlorite      NaOCl
calcium hypochlorite     Ca(ClO)2
lead (VI) chromate       Pb(CO3)2
mercury (II) chloride     HgCl2

Friday, November 12, 2010

Exam Review 1. ( r - gg )

r. Distillation

t. Representative Elements

u. Electrons

v. Nucleus

w. Thomson

x. Atomic Number

y. Atom

z. Isotopes

aa. Pauli Exclusion Principle

bb. Chemical Reaction

cc. Atomic Mass

dd. Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

ee. Periodic Trends

ff. Mixture

gg. N

Sunday, October 3, 2010

The Cathode Ray


Cutaway rendering of a color CRT:
1. Three Electron guns (for red, green, and blue phosphor dots)
2. Electron beams
3. Focusing coils
4. Deflection coils
5. Anode connection
6. Mask for separating beams for red, green, and blue part of displayed image
7. Phosphor layer with red, green, and blue zones
8. Close-up of the phosphor-coated inner side of the screen
The cathode ray tube is a vacuum tube containing a source of electrons, like an electron gun, it also has a fluorescent screen, with internal or external means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam. The cathode ray tube uses an evacuated glass envelope which is large, deep, heavy, and relatively fragile. The cathode ray is a stream of electrons in a vacuumed tube. An evacuated glass tube, equipped with at least two metal electrodes has a voltage applied to it. The voltage is a cathode or negative electrode and an anode or positive electrode. The cathode ray was first observed in 1869 by Johann Hittorf, a German physicist, but was named in 1876 by Eugene Goldstein kathodenstrahlen, or cathode rays. Electrons were first discovered using the cathode ray by J.J. Thomson in 1987. Thomas showed that the rays also had negatively charge particles, which were the electrons. Thomson found that the rays could be deflected by an energetic field. He was able to measure the particle's mass by comparing the deflection of a beam of cathode rays by electrical and magnetic fields. He discovered that they were 2000 times lighter than a hydrogen atom. He concluded that the rays had negatively charged particles.
One of the important things about the discovery of the electron was the electron microscope. It was invented in 1928 by Ernst Ruska. The electron microscope uses a stream of electrons to magnify something. Electrons have small wavelengths so they can be used to magnify objects that are too small to be resolved by light. Ruska used a strong magnetic field in order to focus the electrons into an image in a stream.

For information on how the cathode ray tube is go to: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XU8nMKkzbT8

Friday, September 10, 2010

Chemical Changes

Chemical Changes:


The first experiment was burning the CD to test its flamability. I used matches to try and burn the CD. The Cd did not catch on fire, it simply darkened and melted a little.

Burned CD:
















The second experiment I placed the CD in water to see how it would react, But like most plastics nothing happened. The CD was unchanged and did not react with the water.

CD in water:















For the third experiment I placed the CD in orange juice to see how it would react to the citrus acid. There weree no real changes to the CD. The only thing that happened to the CD is that it became sticky.

CD in orange juice:
















For my fourth experiment I placed the CD in a bowl of bleach. The CD reacted very little to the bleach. The sharpie mark on it disappeared and the top color became slightly lighter. The colors of the paint on the CD only became lighter, but other than that it remained unchanged.

CD after bleach:















For my fifth and final experiment I placed a CD in the microwave to see how it would react to the radiation.
The CD sparked and became cracked.

Thursday, September 9, 2010

Physical Changes

Physical Changes:

The first expiroment with a CD was to place pressure on it, by putting it under a heavy chiffonier. This showed that the CD was unaffected by the weight.
Under the chiffonier:
















The Second experiment involved a sharp object (compass needle), and a CD. This was to test its durability against a sharp objec and what would happen if similar pressure like before was place on it but instead with a sharp object. The sharp object created scratches on the CD.
Scratched by compass needle:
















The third experiment dealt with a lazer and a CD. The laser I used was my computers, it is the same kind that is used to burn data on to CDs. The laser's heat produced images on the CD. I was able to burn my name onto the CD using a program called "LabelPrint".
Effect of the laser on the CD:















For the fourth experiment I broke the CD to test how durable it could be. I applied veritcal force on the CD and it broke into several pieces.
Broken CD:

















The fifth and last physical property I found was, what happens when I freeze a CD. The CD was placed in the freezer to see if anything would happen. Physicaly and chemically it was unchanged. The CD did not show any change from before it was placed untill it was taken out.

CD after being frozen: (right one)